Automated Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator

Automated Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator

An Automated Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (AICD) is a small, life-saving device placed inside the chest to monitor heart rhythm and deliver an electrical shock if a dangerous arrhythmia occurs. It helps prevent sudden cardiac death in patients at high risk due to heart failure, cardiomyopathy, or previous cardiac arrest.

AICD's continuously track the heart’s electrical activity and automatically correct fast or irregular heartbeats such as ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation.

Who is the Ideal Patient for AICD Implantation?

AICD is recommended for patients who:

• Have survived a sudden cardiac arrest due to ventricular arrhythmia.
• Suffer from severe left ventricular dysfunction (low ejection fraction).
• Have dilated or ischemic cardiomyopathy with risk of fatal arrhythmias.
• Experience recurrent ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation despite medication.
• Are at high risk of sudden cardiac death due to genetic heart disorders.

AICD Implantation Procedure

The procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia with mild sedation.

• 1. A small incision is made below the collarbone.
• 2. One or more leads (thin wires) are guided into the heart through veins using X-ray guidance.
• 3. The AICD device is connected to these leads and placed under the skin.
• 4. The system is tested to ensure proper functioning and programmed to deliver therapy automatically when needed.

The patient is usually discharged within 48-72 hours and can resume normal activities in a few days with minor precautions.

What are The Possible Complications ?

Although AICD implantation is generally safe, potential complications include:

• Infection at the device site.
• Bleeding or swelling near the incision.
• Lead displacement or malfunction.
• Inappropriate shocks due to sensing errors.
• Rarely, pneumothorax (air leakage in chest).

Regular follow-up and device checks ensure safety and proper function.